Luis Welbanks

Curriculum vitae

Luis Welbanks

Updated 10 October 2026

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Research interests

Exoplanet atmospheres across planetary regimes, statistical and computational methods for atmospheric inference from space- and ground-based spectra, radiative transfer and atmospheric chemistry, and Bayesian model comparison and model criticism.

Appointments

  • 2025–presentAssistant Professor, School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University
  • 2024–202551 Pegasi b Fellow and Presidential Postdoctoral Fellow, School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University
  • 2021–2024NASA Sagan Fellow (NASA Hubble Fellowship Program), School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University

Education

  • 2017–2021PhD in Astronomy, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge Thesis: Towards Generalized Characterization of Exoplanet Atmospheres with Transit Spectroscopy. Supervisor: Nikku Madhusudhan
  • 2015–2017MSc in Physics and Astronomy (Astrophysics), University of Calgary Astroparticle physics. Supervisor: Rachid Ouyed
  • 2011–2015BSc with Honours, double major in Physics and Astrophysics, University of Calgary Ranked first in class

Honours and awards

  • 202451 Pegasi b Fellowship, Heising-Simons Foundation
  • 2024Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship, Arizona State University
  • 2021Sagan Fellowship, NASA Hubble Fellowship Program
  • 2020Murdin Prize, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge Joint award for the best published paper by a current PhD student
  • 2020Named one of the Top 75 Alumni, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico
  • 2017Gates Cambridge Scholarship, University of Cambridge First Gates Cambridge Scholar from Mexico in physics and astronomy
  • 2016Scholarship for Graduate International Research, Mexican Ministry of Education (SEP)
  • 2015National Council for Science and Technology (CONACyT) Scholarship, Mexico
  • 2015President's Award, University of Calgary One of five awards among all graduating students
  • 2013Silver Medal, University Physics Competition, sponsored by the American Physical Society and the American Astronomical Society
  • 2011–2016Scholarships at the University of Calgary, including College Scholar, the Dr. Cal Waddell Award and the Fujda Family Scholarship in Astrophysics

Research funding and telescope time

  • GrantsNASA Exoplanets Research Program (ROSES-2023), principal investigator Let the data speak for itself. Understanding the limits of current exoplanetary atmospheric models and their missing physics in a data-driven era
  • Heising-Simons Foundation, principal investigator The Foundational Framework for Exoplanet Atmosphere Inference
  • Fellowships51 Pegasi b Fellowship, Heising-Simons Foundation Unifying theory and modelling to bridge the gap between exoplanet atmospheric observations and their interpretation
  • NASA Hubble Fellowship Program, Sagan Fellowship High-Definition Exo-Atmospheric Characterization with Transit Spectroscopy
  • JWSTPrincipal investigator of GO 8017 (18.6 hours). Co-principal investigator of GO 5959 (154.2 hours), GO 5311 (51.1 hours) and AR 6388 Co-investigator of GO 3969, 4082, 4098, 4938, 5634, 5863, 6932, 7407, 8597, 8696, 9025 and 9101, GTO 4536, and AR 3273, 5275, 6347 and 7358
  • HubbleCo-investigator of GO 15814 (26 orbits), DD 17585 (12 orbits) and GO 17613 (24 orbits)
  • GroundPrincipal investigator of five Gemini programs with IGRINS and IGRINS-2, more than 30 hours GS-2023A-FT-203, GS-2023B-Q-129, GS-2023B-Q-227, GS-2024A-FT-102 and GN-2025A-FT-101. Co-principal investigator of NASA IRTF 2025B024 (54 hours). Co-investigator on Las Cumbres Observatory programs (more than 210 hours) and on Gemini (IGRINS, IGRINS-2, MAROON-X) and Magellan/MIKE programs (more than 150 hours)
  • SpaceCo-investigator, ESA CHEOPS (45 orbits) and XMM-Newton (72 ks)
  • ComputingLawrence Livermore National Laboratory Computing Grand Challenge, 22.4 million core hours, ASU principal investigator The Next Generation of Exoplanet Atmospheric Models for the James Webb Space Telescope and Beyond. Also an NVIDIA Academic Grant (500 GPU hours, principal investigator) and the OpenAI and ASU Innovation Challenge in 2024 and 2025
  • MeetingsOther Worlds Laboratory mini-grant to establish EXOMINTS, the EXOplanet Model Interrogation and New Techniques Sprint, principal investigator

Teaching

  • Fall 2025SES 191, Exploring SESE, Arizona State University Instructor of record, 61 students
  • 2025Lecturer, Exoplanets by the Lake III: Atmospheres and Beyond, Lake Ammer, Germany (four lectures on atmospheric modeling and retrievals, with hands-on tutorials), and guest lecturer, Vatican Observatory Summer School (VOSS 2025)
  • 2025Guest lecturer, PTYS 568 Exoplanets: Discovery and Characterization, University of Arizona
  • 2022–2024Guest lecturer, Exoplanet Atmospheres and Astrostatistics (SES 494/598), Arizona State University
  • 2021Guest lecturer, JWST Early Release Science pre-launch theory webinar, "Key aspects of atmospheric retrievals"
  • 2019Supervisions in Structure and Evolution of Stars, University of Cambridge
  • 2012–2017Teaching assistant (Optics and Electromagnetism, Introduction to Astrophysics, Applied Physics Laboratory), Peer Assisted Study Sessions leader, and tutor and mentor for refugee students, University of Calgary

Mentoring

  • PostdocsMatthew Nixon and Sagnick Mukherjee, 51 Pegasi b Fellows (2025–present)
  • PhD studentsYoav Rotman (2022–present), Finnegan Keller (2025–present), Biruk Nardos Abebe (2025–present), Lana Tilke (2022–2025), and Valentina Forero Fuentes (secondary advisor, 2025–present)
  • UndergraduatesIsabel Kahn (NASA Space Grant intern), Ava Crane (Barrett honors thesis), Isabella Reese and Trace Eastman, Arizona State University. Paulina Padilla López, senior thesis co-advisor, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa
  • Co-advisingLindsey Wiser, Peter Smith, Jorge A. Sanchez and Krishna Kanumalla, PhD students advised with Michael Line, Arizona State University

Professional service

  • CommitteesScientific Organizing Committee, Exoclimes VII. Co-President, Postdoctoral Committee, School of Earth and Space Exploration, ASU (2022–2023). Computing Users' Committee, University of Cambridge (2018–2021)
  • Review panelsPanel chair, NASA Keck time allocation committee. Panelist for the NASA Keck, JWST, Hubble and NOIRLab time allocation committees and for a NASA inclusion plan evaluation panel. Subject-matter expert reviewer for NASA
  • External reviewSwiss National Science Foundation, JWST Director's Discretionary Time, and the Canadian Time Allocation Committee for the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope
  • RefereeApJ, ApJL, AJ, A&A, MNRAS, Space Science Reviews and Nature
  • CommunityMember of NASA ExoPAG Study Analysis Group 21 (report). Member of the American Astronomical Society and the Canadian Association of Physicists. Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society and of the Cambridge Philosophical Society

Outreach and community

  • 2025Founder, Astronomy on Tap: Valley of the Sun, serving the Phoenix metropolitan area
  • 2025–presentSubject matter expert, Schiele Museum of Natural History and Planetarium, Gastonia, North Carolina
  • 2023–presentSubject matter expert, NASA's Universe of Learning
  • 2024–presentPublic lectures for astronomy clubs in Prescott, Phoenix and Tempe, Arizona, and Omaha, Nebraska
  • 2025Speaker, RISE Leadership Institute
  • 2022–2024NASA Hubble Fellowship Program Mentorship Initiative
  • 2022–2024Director of Membership, Gates Cambridge Alumni Association
  • 2020–2024Committee for Diversity in Astronomy and Geophysics, Royal Astronomical Society
  • 2017–2021Public outreach in Cambridge, including Astronomy on Tap
  • 2018–2021Equality and Diversity Committee, Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge
  • 2014–2021Outreach talks for school students, including talks for the Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico, in 2021
  • 2019Logistics organiser, XVII Symposium of Mexican Studies and Students in the UK
  • 2012–2017Founder and president, Latin American Students' Association, University of Calgary

Selected invited talks and lectures

  • 2025Invited review at the ESO workshop "Towards New Frontiers: The Astrochemical Journey from Young Stellar Nurseries to Exoplanets"
  • 2025Invited participant in the ISSI Breakthrough Workshop "Life Beyond Earth: the missing link"
  • 2025Invited talk at Know Thy Star, Know Thy Planet 2, lectures at Exoplanets by the Lake III and the Vatican Observatory Summer School, and seminars at The Open University and the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona
  • 2024Seminars and colloquia at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of Virginia, Institute for Astronomy (University of Hawaiʻi), Penn State, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Carnegie Observatories, UCLA, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, UC Santa Cruz and Manipur Technical University
  • 2023Invited review at the Ninth Giant Magellan Telescope Community Science Meeting, and seminars at McGill University, University of Wisconsin–Madison, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder and the American Museum of Natural History
  • 2019–2022Seminars at Carnegie Earth and Planets Laboratory, NYU Abu Dhabi, Tel Aviv University, NASA JPL, the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian, UC Santa Cruz, Caltech, University of Exeter and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias

Contributed talks include Exoplanets 5, Extreme Solar Systems V, the MIRI Science Conference, the First Year of JWST Science Conference and AAS meetings 237 and 241.

Publications

Newest first, with my name in bold. The publications page keeps an up-to-date list with links to each paper.

First-author papers

  1. Welbanks, L., Hall, K. E., Wit, J. D., et al. (2026). Nautilus Space Observatory: Unveiling the Diversity and Origin of Sub-Neptunes with the Nautilus Space Observatory. arXiv:2607.00268.
  2. Welbanks, L., Nixon, M. C., McGill, P., et al. (2025). Challenges in the detection of gases in exoplanet atmospheres. Nature Astronomy, 10, 234. doi:10.1038/s41550-025-02730-4
  3. Welbanks, L., Bell, T. J., Beatty, T. G., et al. (2024). A high internal heat flux and large core in a warm Neptune exoplanet. Nature, 630, 836. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07514-w
  4. Welbanks, L., McGill, P., Line, M., Madhusudhan, N. (2023). On the Application of Bayesian Leave-one-out Cross-validation to Exoplanet Atmospheric Analysis. AJ, 165, 112. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acab67
  5. Welbanks, L., Madhusudhan, N. (2022). On Atmospheric Retrievals of Exoplanets with Inhomogeneous Terminators. ApJ, 933, 79. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac6df1
  6. Welbanks, L., Madhusudhan, N. (2021). Aurora: A Generalized Retrieval Framework for Exoplanetary Transmission Spectra. ApJ, 913, 114. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abee94
  7. Welbanks, L., Madhusudhan, N., Allard, N. F., et al. (2019). Mass–Metallicity Trends in Transiting Exoplanets from Atmospheric Abundances of H2O, Na, and K. ApJL, 887, L20. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab5a89
  8. Welbanks, L., Madhusudhan, N. (2019). On Degeneracies in Retrievals of Exoplanetary Transmission Spectra. AJ, 157, 206. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab14de

Preprints

  1. Nixon, M. C., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Enhancing the Interpretability of Radial Velocity Analysis Using Leave-one-out Cross-validation. arXiv:2610.07181.
  2. Weisserman, D., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). New and Updated Rossiter-McLaughlin Measurements for Three Hot Jupiter-Hosting M Dwarfs. arXiv:2609.03031.
  3. Welbanks, L., Hall, K. E., Wit, J. D., et al. (2026). Nautilus Space Observatory: Unveiling the Diversity and Origin of Sub-Neptunes with the Nautilus Space Observatory. arXiv:2607.00268.
  4. Feinstein, A. D., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Mapping Stellar Heterogeneities with the Nautilus Space Observatory. arXiv:2606.30706.
  5. Pascucci, I., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Nautilus Space Observatory: The Evolution of Planets and their Atmospheres. arXiv:2606.26214.
  6. Murphy, M. M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). KRONOS II: Solar-like Umbra and Penumbra Properties on the Young Sun V1298 Tau. arXiv:2606.16782.
  7. Triantafillides, A., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). The Identification of CS2 and Evidence for Carbon-Sulfur Chemical Coupling in a Warm Giant Exoplanet Atmosphere. arXiv:2604.13168.
  8. Feinstein, A. D., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). On Linking Planet Formation Models, Protoplanetary Disk Properties, and Mature Gas Giant Exoplanet Atmospheres. arXiv:2506.00669.

All journal articles

  1. Mehta, N., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). The tale of the three planets: 3D cloud feedback increases the spectral diversity of warm Jupiters. A&A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202660698
  2. Pan, Y., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). JWST MEP—A World Under Spotty Starlight: Detection of CO2 and H2O in the Hot Saturn WASP-52b with JWST NIRSpec G395H. AJ, 172, 234. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae9cbc
  3. Yang, J., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Photochemical Production of CS2 in Temperate-to-warm Gas Giant Exoplanet Atmospheres. ApJL, 1009, L29. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aea4af
  4. Zhang, M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). C, N, O, S, and Photochemistry in a Temperate Giant Planet Orbiting a Late M Dwarf. ApJL, 1009, L28. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aea4ae
  5. Coulombe, L.-P., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Inhomogeneous Cloud Coverage and Altitude-dependent Heat Transport on the Hot-Jupiter NGTS-10 Ab from its Optical-to-infrared Phase Curve. PASP, 138, 094403. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/aea59a
  6. Barstow, J. K., Welbanks, L. (2026). Computational challenges in exoplanet atmospheric retrieval. Living Reviews in Computational Astrophysics, 12, 6. doi:10.1007/s41115-026-00031-9
  7. Kanumalla, K., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South. V. Atmosphere of MASCARA-1 b Is Enriched in Refractory Elements. AJ, 172, 83. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae77f1
  8. Mukherjee, S., Nixon, M. C., Welbanks, L., et al. (2026). Impact of Clouds on the Atmosphere–Mantle Interface of Sub-Neptunes. ApJL, 1005, L63. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae7432
  9. Murphy, M. M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). KRONOS I: The 1–2.8 μm JWST Transmission Spectrum of the 23 Myr V1298 Tau c. AJ, 172, 66. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae7a32
  10. Murray, C. A., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). A Panchromatic JWST Spectrum of a Giant Starspot on the Fully Convective M Dwarf TOI-3884. ApJL, 1003, L45. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae6fb6
  11. Bello-Arufe, A., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Methane on the Temperate Exo-Saturn TOI-199 b. AJ, 171, 354. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae4fba
  12. Rackham, B. V., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). NASA’s Pandora SmallSat Mission: Simulating the Impact of Stellar Photospheric Heterogeneity and Its Correction. AJ, 171, 338. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae5f63
  13. Parmentier, V., Stevenson, K. B., Welbanks, L., et al. (2026). Horizontal transport as a source of disequilibrium chemistry on the nightside of a hot exoplanet. Nature Astronomy, 10, 1011. doi:10.1038/s41550-026-02845-2
  14. Radica, M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Supersolar Metallicity and Tentative Evidence for Photochemistry on WASP-96 b from JWST and Ground-based VLT Transmission Spectroscopy. AJ, 171, 314. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae5b9f
  15. Rotman, Y., McGill, P., Welbanks, L., et al. (2026). NASA’s Pandora SmallSat Mission: Simulated Modeling and Retrieval of Near-infrared Exoplanet Transmission Spectra. AJ, 171, 263. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae4d3c
  16. Mehta, N., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). Cloudy solutions for the clear skies of WASP-80b: 3D cloud feedback on the atmosphere and spectra of a warm Jupiter. A&A, 707, A394. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202557411
  17. Sanchez, J. A., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2026). A Stellar magnesium to silicon ratio in the atmosphere of an exoplanet. Nature Communications, 17, 2902. doi:10.1038/s41467-026-69610-x
  18. Welbanks, L., Nixon, M. C., McGill, P., et al. (2025). Challenges in the detection of gases in exoplanet atmospheres. Nature Astronomy, 10, 234. doi:10.1038/s41550-025-02730-4
  19. Nixon, M. C., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Magma Ocean Interactions Can Explain JWST Observations of the Sub-Neptune TOI-270 d. ApJ, 995, 95. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae17c8
  20. Crossfield, I. J. M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Mapping the SO2 Shoreline in Gas Giant Exoplanets. ApJ, 994, 184. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae17cb
  21. Weisserman, D., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Aligned Stellar Obliquities for Two Hot Jupiter-hosting M Dwarfs Revealed by MAROON-X: Implications for Hot Jupiter Formation. AJ, 170, 313. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ae08aa
  22. Challener, R. C., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Horizontal and vertical exoplanet thermal structure from a JWST spectroscopic eclipse map. Nature Astronomy, 9, 1821. doi:10.1038/s41550-025-02666-9
  23. Oza, A. V., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Volcanic satellites tidally venting Na, K, and SO2 in optical and infrared light. MNRAS, 546, staf1526. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1526
  24. Seager, S., Welbanks, L., Ellerbroek, L., et al. (2025). Prospects for detecting signs of life on exoplanets in the JWST era. PNAS, 122, e2416188122. doi:10.1073/pnas.2416188122
  25. Wiser, L. S., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). A precise metallicity and carbon-to-oxygen ratio for a warm giant exoplanet from its panchromatic JWST emission spectrum. PNAS, 122, e2416193122. doi:10.1073/pnas.2416193122
  26. Rotman, Y., Welbanks, L., Line, M. R., et al. (2025). Enabling Robust Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrievals with Gaussian Processes. ApJ, 989, 201. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adef04
  27. Panwar, V., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South III: Seeing deeper into the metal depleted atmosphere of a gas-giant on the cusp of the hot to ultra-hot Jupiter transition. MNRAS, staf1150. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1150
  28. Murphy, M. M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). A Panchromatic Characterization of the Evening and Morning Atmosphere of WASP-107 b: Composition and Cloud Variations, and Insight into the Effect of Stellar Contamination. AJ, 170, 61. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/addf38
  29. Fu, G., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Statistical Trends in JWST Transiting Exoplanet Atmospheres. ApJ, 986, 1. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad7bb8
  30. Ahrer, E.-M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Escaping Helium and a Highly Muted Spectrum Suggest a Metal-enriched Atmosphere on Sub-Neptune GJ 3090 b from JWST Transit Spectroscopy. ApJL, 985, L10. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/add010
  31. Murphy, M. M., Beatty, T. G., Welbanks, L., Fu, G. (2025). HST Transmission Spectra of the Hot Neptune HD 219666 b: Detection of Water and the Challenge of Constraining Both Water and Methane. AJ, 169, 286. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/adc684
  32. Mukherjee, S., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). A JWST Panchromatic Thermal Emission Spectrum of the Warm Neptune Archetype GJ 436b. ApJL, 982, L39. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adba46
  33. Bello-Arufe, A., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). Evidence for a Volcanic Atmosphere on the Sub-Earth L 98-59 b. ApJL, 980, L26. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adaf22
  34. Bartelt, D., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). A Measurement of the Water Abundance in the Atmosphere of the Hot Jupiter WASP-43b with High-resolution Cross-correlation Spectroscopy. AJ, 169, 101. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b95
  35. Ohno, K., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2025). A Possible Metal-dominated Atmosphere below the Thick Aerosols of GJ 1214 b Suggested by Its JWST Panchromatic Transmission Spectrum. ApJL, 979, L7. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ada02c
  36. Smith, P. C. B., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). The Roasting Marshmallows Program with IGRINS on Gemini South. II. WASP-121 b has Superstellar C/O and Refractory-to-volatile Ratios. AJ, 168, 293. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad8574
  37. Thao, P. C., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). The Featherweight Giant: Unraveling the Atmosphere of a 17 Myr Planet with JWST. AJ, 168, 297. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad81d7
  38. Masuda, K., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). A Fourth Planet in the Kepler-51 System Revealed by Transit Timing Variations. AJ, 168, 294. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad83d3
  39. Kanumalla, K., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). IGRINS Observations of WASP-127 b: H2O, CO, and Super-solar Atmospheric Metallicity in the Inflated Sub-Saturn. AJ, 168, 201. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad72f3
  40. Schlawin, E., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Possible Carbon Dioxide above the Thick Aerosols of GJ 1214 b. ApJL, 974, L33. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad7fef
  41. Piaulet-Ghorayeb, C., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). JWST/NIRISS Reveals the Water-rich “Steam World” Atmosphere of GJ 9827 d. ApJL, 974, L10. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad6f00
  42. Murphy, M. M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Evidence for morning-to-evening limb asymmetry on the cool low-density exoplanet WASP-107 b. Nature Astronomy, 8, 1562. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02367-9
  43. Schlawin, E., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Multiple Clues for Dayside Aerosols and Temperature Gradients in WASP-69 b from a Panchromatic JWST Emission Spectrum. AJ, 168, 104. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad58e0
  44. Wiser, L. S., Line, M. R., Welbanks, L., et al. (2024). Lessons from Hubble and Spitzer: 1D Self-consistent Model Grids for 19 Hot Jupiter Emission Spectra. ApJ, 971, 33. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad5097
  45. Espinoza, N., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Inhomogeneous terminators on the exoplanet WASP-39 b. Nature, 632, 1017. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07768-4
  46. Carter, A. L., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). A benchmark JWST near-infrared spectrum for the exoplanet WASP-39 b. Nature Astronomy, 8, 1008. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02292-x
  47. Fu, G., Welbanks, L., Deming, D., et al. (2024). Hydrogen sulfide and metal-enriched atmosphere for a Jupiter-mass exoplanet. Nature, 632, 752. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07760-y
  48. Beatty, T. G., Welbanks, L., Schlawin, E., et al. (2024). Sulfur Dioxide and Other Molecular Species in the Atmosphere of the Sub-Neptune GJ 3470 b. ApJL, 970, L10. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad55e9
  49. Flagg, L., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Debris Disks Can Contaminate Mid-infrared Exoplanet Spectra: Evidence for a Circumstellar Debris Disk around Exoplanet Host WASP-39. ApJL, 969, L19. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad4649
  50. Welbanks, L., Bell, T. J., Beatty, T. G., et al. (2024). A high internal heat flux and large core in a warm Neptune exoplanet. Nature, 630, 836. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07514-w
  51. Nixon, M. C., Welbanks, L., McGill, P., Kempton, E. M. R. (2024). Methods for Incorporating Model Uncertainty into Exoplanet Atmospheric Analysis. ApJ, 966, 156. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad354e
  52. Bell, T. J., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Nightside clouds and disequilibrium chemistry on the hot Jupiter WASP-43b. Nature Astronomy, 8, 879. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02230-x
  53. Gandhi, S., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Revealing H2O dissociation in WASP-76 b through combined high- and low-resolution transmission spectroscopy. MNRAS, 530, 2885. doi:10.1093/mnras/stae1048
  54. Sun, Q., Wang, S. X., Welbanks, L., et al. (2024). A Revisit of the Mass–Metallicity Trends in Transiting Exoplanets. AJ, 167, 167. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad298d
  55. Xue, Q., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). JWST Transmission Spectroscopy of HD 209458b: A Supersolar Metallicity, a Very Low C/O, and No Evidence of CH4, HCN, or C2H2. ApJL, 963, L5. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ad2682
  56. Smith, P. C. B., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). A Combined Ground-based and JWST Atmospheric Retrieval Analysis: Both IGRINS and NIRSpec Agree that the Atmosphere of WASP-77A b Is Metal-poor. AJ, 167, 110. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad17bf
  57. Powell, D., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Sulfur dioxide in the mid-infrared transmission spectrum of WASP-39b. Nature, 626, 979. doi:10.1038/s41586-024-07040-9
  58. Seligman, D. Z., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2024). Potential Melting of Extrasolar Planets by Tidal Dissipation. ApJ, 961, 22. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad0b82
  59. Fournier-Tondreau, M., et al. (including Welbanks, L.) (2023). Near-infrared transmission spectroscopy of HAT-P-18 b with NIRISS: Disentangling planetary and stellar features in the era of JWST. MNRAS, 528, 3354. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3813
  60. Bell, T. J., Welbanks, L., Schlawin, E., et al. (2023). Methane throughout the atmosphere of the warm exoplanet WASP-80b. Nature, 623, 709. doi:10.1038/s41586-023-06687-0
  61. Challener, R. C., Welbanks, L., McGill, P. (2023). Bringing 2D Eclipse Mapping out of the Shadows with Leave-one-out Cross Validation. AJ, 166, 251. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ad0366
  62. Radica, M., Welbanks, L., Espinoza, N., et al. (2023). Awesome SOSS: transmission spectroscopy of WASP-96b with NIRISS/SOSS. MNRAS, 524, 835. doi:10.1093/mnras/stad1762
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